Explain what is object-oriented programming

What is Object-oriented programming

Object oriented programming can be specified as a programming model which is based on the concept of objects. Objects include data in the form of attributes and code in the form of methods. It consists two words, "object" and "oriented". In a dictionary object is an entity that exists in the real world. The meaning of oriented is interested in a special kind of entity. In layman's terms, it is programming model which rounds around object or an entity.

The programming paradigm where each things are presented as objects is called object-oriented programming language. Smalltalk is said to be the first truly object-oriented programming language.

OOP is said to be the most famous programming model among developers. It's well suited for programs which are larger, complex, and actively updated. It makes the development and maintenance of s/w easy by giving major concepts such as :

• Inheritance
• Abstraction
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation.

These are also the four pillars of an object-oriented programming system.

OOPs, give the capability to simulate real-world events much more effectively. We can give the solution to real-world problems if we are using an Object-Oriented Programming language. OOPs, gave data hiding, whereas, in Procedural oriented programming language, global data can be accessed from anywhere.

Object oriented programming are various but the most famous ones are class-based, meaning that objects are instances of classes, which also identify their types.

Object oriented programming system follows bottom up approach.

Example of object oriented programming

example of OOPs - C#, C++, Java, Python, Scala, Perl, PHP, etc.

Advantages of object oriented programming

• Adding new data and function is easy.
• Object oriented programming provides data hiding for security.
• program is divided into small parts.

Merits of object oriented programming

• Object oriented programming model follows bottom up approach.
• Object oriented programming provides data hiding features.
• Overloading is possible.
• Message passing techniques for communication between objects.
• Polymorphism can be implemented.

Demerits of object oriented programming

• Inability to work with existing systems.
• Unfamiliarity causes training overheads.
• It needs more data protection.
• Compile time and run time overhead.
• Inadequate for concurrent problems.